Which of the following statements regarding insulin is correct?

Insulin is primarily known for its role in regulating blood glucose levels, and its primary function is to lower blood glucose levels after meals by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. This hormone, produced by the pancreatic beta cells, aids in the conversion of glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles, and it promotes the utilization of glucose for energy.

The assertion that insulin is the only hormone that decreases blood glucose levels highlights its unique role in the endocrine system. While other hormones such as amylin and incretins can contribute to the regulation of blood sugar, insulin is the most significant and well-known for its glucose-lowering effects.

Understanding this function of insulin is crucial, particularly for the management of diabetes, where insulin therapy may be required to maintain appropriate blood glucose levels. This concept underscores the importance of insulin’s role as a hormone in carbohydrate metabolism and overall energy regulation within the body.